With the researches and sounding from the west side of the settlement it is identify almost the whole length of the defense wall. It was discovered part of the wall with length of around 40 m (Picture 1). The width everywhere of the wall is 1.60 m. Till now; two external towers are discovered on the wall. The first one is set on southeast corner of the settlement, has rectangle base, with dimensions 4.30 x 2.70 m on the internal side and walls wide 1m. The second one is found around 50 m south from the first and it is bigger. It has almost square base, with dimensions 9.20 x 8.60 m on the internal side and walls wide 1m. Around 20 km south from the first tower it is found entrance in defense wall wide 1.70 m, with tiled floor (Picture 2). In the entrance was discovered marble funeral stele with secondary function.
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Picture 1 – part from defensive wall Picture 2 – east entrance in the settlement
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Around 800 m2 of the internal side of defense walls are explored. Inside, there are two buildings with more rooms separate with street. The street is 20 m long and 2.60 m wide and continues to the west side. The first building is found north and the second, south from the street (Plan 1). First building has three rooms communicating with the street and second represents closed atrium space, from bigger “public building”. The three rooms are with different dimensions and their function is unknown, for now. All rooms had entrance from the street, while on the north side it is not found wall. Inside there wasn’t found any characteristic archeological material which can identify their function. The building south from the street it is almost uncovered. It is atrium space from bigger public building. It has abnormal square base and three walls of this building closes the east entrance of defense wall of the settlement. All three walls has atrium openings, functional adjusted according their position. They are made of river stones connected with lime mortar, wide 1 m. The north wall stretches in direction east-west and connects defense and west wall. It represents gallery from six post made of brick connected with lime mortar. Two posts from the gallery are 0.70 m high and their endings are round. Posts have square base and dimensions 1 x 1 m and distance between 1.90 m. According discovered parts, during destruction of the building, we came to conclusion they were connected with arcades. For now, it is hard to say if there was floor construction. West wall of the atrium it is completely preserved on the same high on atrium openings. It stretches in direction north-south and connects north and south wall. It is made of river stones connected with lime mortar. The wall has two entrances with equal distance between. The sills are tiled and covered with lime mortar. The sides are made of brick connected with lime mortar and endings are square posts connected with arcade. Dimensions on the posts are the same on both entrances, 1 x 0.70 m and made of brick connected with lime mortar. South wall of atrium stretches in direction east-west and connects defense and west wall of the atrium. Made of brick connected with lime mortar and has tiled entrance covered with lime mortar, wide 1.85 m. There are two posts with dimensions 1 x 0.60 m. made of the same material like other posts and endings are connected with arcade. The sides of the entrance are also made of brick connected with lime mortar.
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Plan 1
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The whole atrium floor was tiled with brick, but there are minimum remains, because of the latest interventions. Almost whole atrium space floor has layer of red soil, remains from the floor bricks. Exemptions are those places where later were interventions and bricks penetrates deep in to the floor. According numerous remains of roof bricks, discovered inside the atrium space, closely to its walls; testify that was covered with roof construction.
This assumption is supported with bases of wood posts for roof construction, discovered inside in the west wall. It is about six amorphous stones on upper side, with equal distance between (Picture 3). There are dig in the floor level and has identical height values. Their position and height value shows they were bases for wood posts which carry out the roof construction.
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Picture 3 – base for posts
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In the internal part of the atrium it was discovered marble plastic, composed of three posts 1.60 m. high, two bases and three impost capitellums, all without decorations (Picture 4). Because of the huge destructions during the end of VI century and latest building interventions in IX century, this phase of exploration can’t identify the function of this plastic.
South from the atrium, the space where defense and south wall are connected, partly is discovered another room. On this space it is found big amount of slag and small number fragments of ceramic plates. This draws out to conclusion that here unrolls handicraft activity.
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Picture 4 – marble plastic
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Latest interventions in atrium space in early middle century (IX-XI), doesn’t disturbed its position. It is known, this space was redesign for other needs and functions. On southeast part was build bakery with oven for baking bread, atrium openings on the west and south wall were closed with wall from stone with mud (Picture 5) and on east ending of north wall was build massive wall with stairs with access on the defense wall. Also, there was secondary set funeral stele internal on east entrance, serves as stair (Picture 2).
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Picture 5 – partition wall from middle age phase
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From latest interventions, the bakery room with oven for baking bread leaves signific mark. The bakery has trapeze shape and different wall dimensions. On east side it is used part of defense wall, on south the south wall of atrium and other two are made from river stone and mud, wide 0.78 m. On inner corner of these two walls was discovered warehouse of pithos-plates and on opposite south end oven for baking bread (Picture 6). Oven has circular shape with radius of 2.60 m. Composed of floor and wall with tunnel ending, width base 0.25 m. Whole floor surface is covered with brick on stone base, between is set layer of 6 cm filtrate clay. The tunnel wall is preserved on lower layers of oven. It was build of small broken bricks connected with mud on stone base. Outside and inside was daub with fat layer of paste (blend of small pestle brick and filtrate clay). Outside from the oven are set support walls (stone connected with mud). Inside, on the floor of oven is discovered iron tool- swarf.
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Picture 6 – oven for baking bread-bakery |
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